Railway-car frame.



PATENTED 001x 2, 1906.,

W. F. KIBSEL, JR. RAILWAY CAR FRAME.

APPLICATION FILED APB..14. 190B.

9 SHEETSSHEET 1.

I INVENTOR WWWQBRWJU BY 86W ATTORNEY TATAITAF m WEEK mw .Am

WITNESSES;

No. 832,486. PATENTED OCT. 2, 1906. w F KIESEL, JR RAILWAY GAR FRAME.

AP PLIUATION FILED APR. 14, 1906.

9 $HEETS-SHEET 2.

ATTORNEY n0 0 9 1 2 m U 0 D E T N B T A P H M JM MP m EC Y m WE A R 5 82 3 8 0- N APPLICATION FILED APR. 14 1906.

9 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

INVENTOR \nmm a&m,5-. Y I C,

6 ATTORNEY WITNESSES:

PATENTED OCT. 2, 1906.

F. KIESBL, JR. RAILWAY GAR FRAME APPLIGATION FILED APR. 14. 1906.

9 SHEELTS-SHEBT 5.

i 23 INVENTQR l/aw I M M W ATTORNE e SHEETS-SHEET a.

PATENIED OUT. 2, 1906.

W. P. KIESEL, JR. RAILWAY GARFRAME.

, APPLICATION FILED APB..14. 190a.

INVENTOR ATTORNEY WITN ESES v w w g PATENTED OUT. 2, 1906.

W. F. KIBSEL, JR. RAILWAY GAR FRAME.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 14. 1906.

9 SHEETS-SHEET 7 um 1 mm...

INVENTOR KT TORNEY I PATENTED 0011. 2, 1906.

9 SHEETS-411E111 B.

'W. F. KIESEL, IA. RAILWAY GAR FRAME. APPLIGATION TILED APR. 14. 1906.

lNVENTOR (P A mfg ow o 0 or WATTIORNEYI WITNESSES N0. $32,486. PATENTEDQUIZ-2, 1906.

w. F. KIBSEL, JR;

RAILWAY OAR FRAME. APPLICATION FILED APR. 14, 1906;

9 SHEETS-SHEET 9.

V IINVENTOR v X 6% W Y .A TORNEY- Unif'rnnsTA-Tns I PATENT enrich.

WILLIAM F. KIESEL, 3a,, OF ALTOONA PENNSYLVANIA.

RAILWAY-"CAR FRAME.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that '1, WILLIAM F. KIESEL,

J r., a citizen of the United States, residing-atv A1toona,.in thecounty of Blair and State-of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new anduseful. Improvements in Railway-Car Frames, of which the following is aspec1fication.

mail, and express service, my object being to for windowropenings' orside-door openings, said framework bein especially deslgned. withreference to app ying it to an underframe sup orted by a center sillwithout the use of bo ybolsters-such as'des'cribed in my Letters PatentNo.'809,921, dated January 9,

The several features of novelty will be more fully described hereinafterand pointed out particularly in the claims.

L I attain my objectby constructing and arran ing the parts of theendand body framewor of the cars substantially as illustrated, [in theaccompanying drawings, wherein I.

have illustrated my improvements applied to a baggage-car, and in whichFigu're'l represents a side elevationof the complete car with one-halfshown in central longitudinal section;- Fig. 2, a side-elevation,

'. on a larger scale,'.0 f a lEortion of the car, showing the outlinesof t e side frame membersand the skeleton of the roof-frame Fig.

, 3, a plan view of Fig.2, showing the car-body in sectionon the line aa in Fig; 4'; .Fig. 4, a

transverse vertical section of the car-body on a still'largerso'ale andsectioned on line b1) in Fig. 3;Fig. 5, an end elevation of theucar,

' with parts-on the left-hand side sectioned ,on

. line c c in Fig, 6; Fig. 6, a planview of Fig.5 i the upper half ofsaid figure'showing'a section .on the line d d in Fig; 7, Fig. 7,a'central longitndinal section of- Fig. 5; Fig. 8, a vertical sectionon the. line e e in Fig. 5 looking tothe right and drawn to'a stillarger scale;- Fi

39, a plan view of one end of the center sil 'andfthe end castingprojecting therefrom; Figs. 10, 1'1, and 12, details showing .a'frontelevation, verticalhsection, and .rear elevar .tion, respectively, .j oftheflup'per-deck. end

side plates and supports, 'Fig jllfbeing ajse'c- Specification ofLetters Patent. application-filed April 14,1906. Serial Np. 311,715.

This invention relates to improvements in. .steel railway-cars adaptedfor passenger g 13,125. detail;

Patented ,Oct..2,'1 .906

showing one of the; pressed;nietal-'side casmgs for the end doors {Figs14 and 15, details in, Fig. 14 beingasection on line =g 'gainFig. 5and,Fig. j1 5asection on line h'h in Fig. 14; Fig, 16, a detail of'one'of the upper-deck car.- line's, showing the mannerof applying f the'roof and inside ceiling-boards 'theret0,-said Fig. 17, a partial viewof the under side of said carline; Fig. 18, a' detailshowing the boltand not for the ceiling clamp as applied to said 1' in Fig. 4,showing'the manner of reinf0rc tudinal brace members are appliedthereto; Figs,'20 and 21, details showing the jackingcastings whichcomplete the outer ends of the tical section on the line k k in Fig. 1.;Fig. 22, a detail showing a vertical section on the line Z Zin' Fig. 1and illustrating the manner of attaching theside posts to the side sillsand underframe cros'srbraces; Figs. 23to 26, inclusive, details showingthe construction "of the. side frames where broken away for the sidedoors, Fig. 23 being a section on line mm in Fig. 2; Fig. 24, a similarsection'lower down on the line 7L n in -Fig.. 26-; Fig. 25, a verticalsection on line 0 o in Fig. 23, and Fig. 26 a vertical transversesection on line p p in Fig. 23-; Fig. 27, details showing a sec-- .tionof the side-door casings and the r rein- .forcin -eastings on line q g mFig.4 ,Fig. 28, a modified form thereof Fig. 29, a plan view, side, andend elevation of one of, the upperdeck, side plates; Fig; 30,- similarviews-of one/of the side-bearing braces employed where the car restsupon four-wheel trucks,

' the. side-bearing castings cannot 'be placed directlybeneath the mainframe-posts; and Fig. 31, similar *views of one of the side-bearsa dbraces. 1

Like numerals several viewsi l This car-body is, to be supported uporra;

steel underfi'ame similar in features of construction to that describedin my Letters Patent No. 809,921, previously referred to, saidnnderframe comprising a box-girder center sill 1, consisting voi a pairof i1 beams or ,channelsjjoihedatthe top andbottom by .carlines; Fig.1-9, a cross-section on the line' such as described in my Letters PatentNo. 800,921, dated October 3, 1905, and where designate like parts. inthe.

showing the manner of building up the'cor her-posts and theremforcing-cast'ingstherefigure'being asection on line 'i '5, inFig. 4;

ing the upper-deck'carlines wherethe longicantaliver cross-bearers, Fig.21 bein a verioo in castings employed in connection with coverplates andextending from end to end of the car. Near the ends the center sill isprovided with center plates 2, where it rests upon the wheel-trucks.From the sides of the-center sill, at suitable points intermediate theends-to properly support the car-body and transfer the 'welght thereofto the center sill, project crssbearers 3, 'consistingof' pairs ofpressed-steel cantaliver-plates 4, the

- body is raised from ends of said plates being joined togetherbyjacking-castings 5, upon whichrestthe side sills-6, for which sills 1preferably use angle-- bars placed with'their vertical limbs turnedoutward. The castings 5 are cored out for lightness and ribbed acrossfor strength,

their function being, in addition to complet ing the under sides thejacks whereby the entire carmay require, the construction of thecarr'rame being such that the lifting force applied by the jacks tothese castings will betransmitted throughout the'framew'ork without fearof straining the car-body in any art.

the ends of the car the side sills are joined to the center sill bytransverse braces 7, which are preferably of channel form,- said crossbraces being run out from'the center sill to the side sills at thepoints Where, the vertical frame-posts are secured thereto.

of U-shaped cross-section, bent inward at the to to form the lower deckcarlines and provi ed with outside and inside cover-plates 9 and 10,said posts having been already described .b me in my Letters Patent No.809,920, ated January 9, 1906. The lower ends of these posts riveted tothe vertical limbs of the side sills 6, the outside cover-plates ,9being carried.

' down and riveted in therewith at the outside I to the cross-bracestaliver-plates' 4,

of the sills, as shown in Figs. 21 and 22. j The insidecover-plates 10are eaI'Tieddown and flanged inwardly, said flanges being riveted 7 orwhere the posts rise from the jcross-bearers, to 'thecastings 5. Theposts" are thereby firmly secured at their bases and braced against sideor end displacecross-bearers, to receive upon their the trucks whenoccasion below the plates 18 ,the bottom of the car.

At intermediate points between the cross-" bearers and between thecross-bearers and (See Fig. 3.). These frame-postsS are of pressed steelare pressed inward and,

ssae'se and 40 "and the end sheathing-plates 17 where said sheathing plates are riveted to the Z-barS 12 and 13.. These corner-posts arereinforced at the bottom and top and at one or more intermediate pointsby flanged castings 14, the sheathing-plates and cover-plates being oflight steel, preferably one-eighth of an inch in thickness. theZ'-bars'receive the inside finish of the car, whichmay be of wood,composite board, or corrugated steel.

Where the cars are to be supplied only with stub-platforms, I constructthese stub-platforms so that they will also serve as the car- .body endvsills, building them up in boxgirder form on each side of the endcastings 22, which project from the endsof the center sill.

The insideflanges of At each side of the end castings are horlzontalplatform-plates 18, said plates being flanged downward at their outer.sides and ends and being secured at their ends to the corner-post Z-bars13. At a-short distance are similar plates '19, the downturned flangesthereoflying flush with Said plates 18 and 19 are joined together atcurved ends by cover-plates 20, riveted to their flanges, saidcover-plates lapping over and being riveted to the vestibule-door-postflanges Where they are riveted to the end castings 22. To form thevestibule-doorway, I provide the -I-bar door-posts 24, the lower ends ofwhich extend down to the under side of the end castings 22, with theirwebs riveted in between the upturned flanges 21 on plates 18 and 19 andthe sides of the end castings, said end castings being provided withupturned flangesat23 to register with flanges 21 of the plates 18. Theend sheathingplates 1-7 are riveted to the webs of the posts 24 by meansof angles 25, and the lower ends of said sheathing-plates are riveted,to the platform-plates18 by the transverse angles 27, said angles'27'also serving to stiflenthe inward sides of'said platform-plates. By thisconstruction it will be seen that the corner-posts of the car aresupported from the end castings by box-girder end sills, which alsoconstitute the stubplatforms. Inside of the end sheathing-plates 17diagonal Z-bars 29 are riveted, saidbars' extending from the foot of theposts 24'to the top of the corner-post Z-bars 13, thereby bracing thecorner-posts at thetop against side racking strains. The corner-posts attheir lower ends are further braced and transverse strains b thediagonal braceplates 28,which exten between the center sill and theplates18, the ends ofsaid diagonal braces being riveted to thecenter-sill flanges and to the. under side of the plates 18, below theangle-bars 27. For stiffness the brace-plates 28 are provided withdownturned flanges along their sides.

'The vestibule-diaphragm is secured tothe the underside of their outersides and loo 5 against longitudinal f outer flanges of the posts24,'while to the inner flanges of said poststhere are secured the inwardportions of the door-casing plates 26.

;- clearly in Fig. 13, the outer sides of the casings being riveted tothe webs of the posts 24 in line with the sheathing-plates, 17 by'rneansof angles and the plates being bent around insidethe car and-pressedinward at .26,

I sheets 33.

y from the outs-flanges of the Z-bars 12 out overthe. posts .24 in linewith the outer flan es where they are .rivetedto the inward flanges ofthe posts. The plates are bent away again from the posts and flanged at26 to overlap the inside finish. The casing-plates are also providedwithrabbets for the door. Threshold-plates 30 pass across between thelower ends of the casings26. said'plates resting at the dutside upon theend castings-22 and upon thbi'nside upon angles 31, riveted to theinward flanges of posts 24,- which angles also support the car-floor.The door.

ways are completed by pressed-steel lintels 34 passing across betweentheupper endsof the casings 26 and fastened alongtheir upper edges byangles 35 to the platform-ceiling piece, flanged upwardly along theirouter and lnner edges-x their inner sides extending straight acrossbetween the corner posts and their outer sides beingcurved so as to passof said posts, The ceiling-sheets are aso curved upwardlyfronlthe sidesof the car to 'the center and are riveted to the upper ends of'th'eposts 24 by means of angles 32, being posts are. fiIle secured in placeat their outer ends by means of the venticaltop end plates 36, whichare,

"riveted to the outer flanges ofthesheets and are bent around thecorners of the car inline with the top side plates '38, to whichtheyar'e united by splice-joints at39. (See Fig. 2.)

The lower edges of these top end plates. are 45 reinforced by angles3.7. The endsheathing plates 17 rise to theceiling-platesj33 and areriveted thereto by means of angles 43.

.The-sides/ofthe car between the frame ing-plates 16 and;an upper row'ofsheathingplates40, saidplatesj'vbeing riveted at their uppersheathing-plates.

side of the sheathing-plates ,16 and 40 and "extend fromthe bottom oithe corner-posts: to the top ofthe fiist main posts, thereby bracing theend panels ofthe car against end thrust,

--. Along the 'upper. sides ot the car-continw:

" 'oustop-side, plates 38'extend frornjend-t'o n bemg 1 stated, to theend top plates 3. These topmed at their ends, as -already Theseceiling-sheets 331are' of one d in by'a lower fow 'of sheathside platesare of light metal, being preferably one-eighth of an inch thick,'andare reinf forced'at their top and bottom edges by an Y shown moreclearly in Fig. 4. -The-outside coVer-plates9 are carried up back of thetop side plates and are riveted in between said plates and thefpos-ts,as will be seenfroin an inspection of" Fig. 2. p

The roof structure consists, primarily, of the continuous angle-bars 45,extending from one end of" the car to the other, the ends of said anglesbeing attached to and supported by airs of triangularbracket-plates 44,riveted to the ceiling-sheets 33, the particular form of these 'platesbeing shown more clearly in Figs. 8, 10,- 11, and 12. The angleshavebroad horizontal limbs, slightly curved, and narrower verticallimbs, the dimensions for these angles which I have adopted being sixinches by two inches To the horizontal limbs of these angles thecantaliver carline ends'of the main posts 8 are riveted, and irorntheirvertical limbs, between the ends are curved downwardly to the top endplates 36 and have their vertical limbs riveted'in between thebracket-plates 44.

In the anglesflbetween the upper-deck an:

gles 49. andthe longitudinal brace-angles 45 at the'ends of the car areupper-deck end side plates -46, consisting of single plates of. steelpressed into the-form shown more fully in Figs. 10 to 12,: inclusive.These plates are pressed outwardly along their upper curved edges at.48and have rivetedthereto the up-- per-deck side, angles 49 Along theirlower edgesthe plates are flanged outwardly at 50 to overlap the. lowerdecki roof, which latter restsnpon the lon itudinal brlace angles 45. Attheir inward en s the plates 46 are pressed inwardly-at 51 andprovldedwith the vertie cal flanges 52, to which are secured the ends of theuppende'ck sashes 63. Theplates 46 strains. The upper-deck. side angles49 at are supported from the braceeangles 45 by v 'means of plates 47.,and by means of this con-,

struction the-ends of the brace-angles 45 and.

the upper-deck side angles are securely fastened together and braced oneby the/other and through the bracket-plates 44am firmly secured toandbraced by the .c'ar end frame- 7 work.

- Atthesidesof eachofthe'f iP ti -seek earlines "side plates 5,7correspon g i i-shape;

with the end side plates 46 are riveted, their outpressed upper ends 5hreceiving and sup porting the uppehdeck angles 49 These upper-deck sideplates are pressed inwardly at each side'at 5i) and vertically flangedat to receive the upper-deck sashes 63. At their lower edges they areoutwardly flanged at 61 to overlap the lower-deck roof and form awatertight joint therewith. One of these upper-deck side plates isfullyillustrated in Fig. 2E). Tie-plates 62 unite the upper ends ofthese side plates to the carl'ines to further brace the overhang.

At intermediate points between the upperdeck side angles 49 angle-barbraces 53 (four in number in the car herein illustrated) ex tend fromthe first upper-deck carlines down to'the end top plates 36, said anglesbeing curved to conform with the contour of the upper-deck roof at thecar ends. These angles are secured to the ceiling-sheet 33 by means ofthe flanged gusset-plates ,54, and they serve both as roof-supports andas additional braces against end strains. At their inward ends theangles 53 are riveted to the flanges of the upper-deck carlines' 55,said upper-deck carlines being of U-shaped crosssection, with theirflanged sides placed outward, as described in my said Letters Patent No.809,920. Between the'upper-deck carlines throughout the length of thecar horizontal angle-bar bracesf56 are rivetedin line with the endbraces 53, thereby providing continuous lines of horizontal braces fromend to end of the car-roof. The upper-deck carlines are pressed intoshape from light steel plates, and in order to prevent the side webs ofthe carlines from being pressed together under end shock I introducespacers in line with each series of angle-braces be tween the Webs ofthe carlines, said spacers consisting of pieces of half-inch gas-pipe64, with bolts or rivets passed through the carlines to hold them inplace. (See Fig. 19.)

The inside finish or ceiling boards are secured to the upper-deckcarlines 55, as shown in Fig. 16, by means of' clampingstrips 65, whichare attached to the carlines by means of bolts 66, the shanks of saidbolts being provided with cars at 67 (see Fig. 18) to enga e notchedholes 68 (see Fig. 17) provided therefor in the cross-web of the car-'lines. By these means the bolts are locked against turning in theearlines when the nuts 69 are set up to secure the clamping-plates inplace. The nuts 69 used for this purpose are cap-nuts and will befinished on their exposed surfaces and oxidized or otherwise treated inorder to provide, together with beaded clamping-strips, an ornamentalinterior finish. The roof-boards are fastened outside of theseupper-deck carlines by means of button-head bolts 70, passing throughthe carline-flanges, with the nuts set up from the under side of saidflanges. The roof-boards for the lower deck will be fastened to thecross-webs of the carline extensions from the main posts 8 by bolts in asimilar manner.

Where the openings are made for the side doors, the side frames must beso strengthened and supported as to avoid Weakness in the car-body atthese points. To attain the nec essary strength and support, preferablylocate these doors so as to come over. or at one side of thecross-bearers. In the doorconstruction herein illustrated the door is ofsuch a width as to fill one of the panels-between the main-frame posts8, and I locate the crossbearers 3 in position to have the posts towardthe ends of the car resting directly thereon. 1 also provide anadditional crossbearer at the. center of the car to support the car-bodybetween door-openings, To

strengthen the side sills at the door-o enings, 1 provide a box-girderconstruction )et'ween the door-posts, the details of which are morefully illustrated iIrFigs. 23 to 26, inclusive.

This consists of a sill-plate 73, riveted :30 the side sill and bentinward at the top to form a threshold, the inner edge at 74' overlappingthe carfloor. Inside of the sill-plate is a supporting-plate 76, flangedalong its lower edge and secured to the side sill 6 by means.

of thecover-plate 78 This plate 76 is pressed inward between the posts 8and flanged at "79 to form a rest forthe, threshold portion ofthesill-plate 73, there being riveted in between said flange and. thesill-plate a floorsupporting plate 80 of Z-shaped cross-section. Theends of the plate 76 extendout vertically at 81 to overlap the posts 8,being riveted thereto and'to the inside cover-plates 10. By thisconstruction it will be seen that I have provided a strong box-girdersupport extending between the door-posts at the base of the doorway. Atthe top of the doorway loo the posts are joined together by a channellintel-plate 90, having its outside flange riveted to the lower edge ofthe top ide plate 38', and at the inside the door-frame isfurt'herstrengthened by the Z-bar 91, which extends across between posts abovethe lint-e'l and serves as a track for the door-hangers. (See Fig. 4.)It will also be understood that the longitudinal brace-angles 45,,together with the top side plates 38, act in conjunction with thecantaliver-carline ends of the main posts to supply the necessarystrength to the earfranie over the door openings.

The side door-casings for the doorways consist of pressed plates 82, theoutward sides of which act as cover-plates for the posts 8 and haveriveted thereto the sheathwith flanges at 84, to which 73pm way up thecasingplates ;82, "theseiprotecting-platesbeing'pressed outward at.

their lower ends at '86 to overlap upturned flanges 75 on the sill-plate73, thereby formv ing'" water-tight joints at these points and furtherbinding the sill-plate to r the frameposts. The" door-casings arefurther strengthened by reinforcing-castings 87, (see Fig. 27,) rivetedin between the casing-plates 0 82 and the side webs of the posts8, thesereinforcing-castings being located where the handheld-rods, &c., areattached and at intervals apart suflicient to add :the necessarystrength 'and- "support to the -casing-plates.

(See Figs. 4 and 27.)

Should the doorways utilize one ofthe posts for a door-post andconstruct the other door-post in the manner.

l illustrated in Fig: 28, wherein a vertical flanged plate 88 takes,theplace of thepost 8,

' the casing-plate 82 being riveted to the outer and inner flanges ofsaid post, and being fur- I thersecured thereto by means ofreinforcingcastings -89i This construction may be 'utilized in'thenarrow doorways for postal cars andi-the 'like,'and if the doorwaymustbe so located that the mainframe-posts 8 can be;

utilized for neither of the door-posts then C 1' both posts-will beformedas illustrated in Fig. 28, the boX-girder-sill constructionrereaming 'tl1e,'-same-. Where narrow doorways areprovided, as in postalcars, hinged doors may: be used instead of the sliding .as shown'intheend'door-casings.

W here this car is used in connection with,

: four-wheel trucks and said trucks are so 10 4 as will be seen from aninspection of Fig. l?"

I "fAt the upper end the side webs and flanges I, 5 5 of the brace arepressed outward into; line with the cross-web at 96, and this portion isI riveted in between thebelt-strip' A1 'and'a reinforcing T-bar Q7,.riveted in between posts Y to 'further stiffen the side panelsat" theseI do points. These reinforcing T-bars '97 are furtherused to stiffen thepanels where the win dew-openings occur, and in the baggage-car theseWind0w-openings will be framed in by' one-piece casing-plates 98 and 99,said casing- 6 5 platesbeing pressed toZ-shap'ed cross-section,

be narrower. the. panels between the main frameposts, I may 5 .doorshere shown, in which case the casing- 4 plates'82 will have rabbetspressed therein,

.illnstration. In fact I Patent, is'

flangesofj the plate 99' over-- lapping and being'riveted to'thesheathingplates 4O and the inside flanges of the plates 98'overlappingthe inside finish. The abutting flanges of these plates are providedwith re istering bolt-holes through which pass the be ts by which'thewindow-sash are permanently secured in place in the window-frame.

The frame-plates 9'8 mayalso be provided with gratingeds to protect thewindow-glass from the inside. v

" The flooring for this'type of car'consists of I corrugated plates/100,laid transversely acrossthe ear'upon longitudinal joist-plates 101 and 102,' rive t to the center-sill and to the .main.frame-postsf'Ehe joists101 are formed from Z-bars and the joists 102 from channel-bars; Abovethe floor-plates there is a plastic filling 103, over which are laidfloor-boards 104. Below' the floorplates .are subfloor-boards 105,arranged in .two rows on each side; of the ear, said boards resting withtheir inner ends upon thecove'rplate of the center sill and being heldthereon].

by means of lips 1'06, pressed ou'tfrorn th .webs of the joists 101.(See Fig;.4;) The outer ends-of the boards rest upon the lower flangesof the joists 102a11dare-secured in place by similar lips 10 6,pressedoutfrom'the webs of said joists.

of the subfloor board's'have attached to them The intermediate endsangles 1 08 by bolts or rivets, and said angles are bolted to the lowerends of longitudinal angle-plates 107 riveted to the fioor plates 100..-The spaces between the floor-plates filled with mineral wool or othermaterial, as

and the subfloor may be air-space or maybe desired, and thesubfloor-boards may .be. readily removed or replaced for repairs orother purposesby simply unbolting the angles 108 fromthe hanger-plates10' 7 anddropping the subfloor-boards out of engagement withthe joists101 and 102.

Wh le 'I have described improved framework in connection with abaggage-car, it will ho-understood that the "principalfeatures'tliereof, especially the skeletonframework, may be applied toall cars for passem 'ger service,

1passenger, .postal,- and express rs, as Wel.

as the ba gage-car taken for havealready shown the framework as appliedto "passenger-cars in my'copending applications, Serial Nos. 303,405 and304,534, filed Februar-yQS and March '6, 1906,respectively., Thec'ar-side's door frames asca'lled for in the different tyes between themain"frameposts-will-be modi- 1 had to receive thediiferent window orside of car, and the side.bearingswill bemodi edto meet the requirementswhere four-wheel or six-wheel trucks are used.

What I claim, therefore, as my invention without confining" myself toany particular type of car, and desire to secure by Letters r '1 In acar-frame" constructed without body-bolsters, thelcomb'ination; with acen the side sills in line with eaoli pair of o posite? a series ofposts'rising from thesideisills',

cross-braces extending. from the center- Sill fiQ posts carlines;connecting onp site posts,- top side lates riveted 110 131161 postsiattheir upp P o a d n u in bra -membe 'extendm between the carlinesthroughout the lengt' of-the car;

2. In a afar-frame construeted without bodybolsters, the combination,With a center-sill and side SlllS supported thereby upon cross.-

1 bearers projeetingfrom the sides of the center sillat, pointsintermediate theiend's, of a d J series of posts rising from the side,sills, lowerdeck] carlines 'forrnedi ,h'yjinturned "exten sions from:said posts, continuous longitudi- 1 n'albrace member's: riveted tothejends. of said carline extensions, upper 7 (look carlines riv eted tosaid longitudinal braces in line" with of, longitudinal angles havingbroad horizonolpposite posts, crossbraees "extending from t e centersill'to the side sills in line with each pan of opposlte posts, top sideplates riveted to: the" "osts at their upper ends where the 'lowereckcarllnes spring therefrom, and intermediate longitudinal'brace membersextendi throu houtthe length oft ecar.

3. n a car-frame, the combination,'with the side sills, of postsrisingtherefrom and havin lowerdeck carlines formed by inturne extensions fromthe upper ends therebetween the up er-deidk carlines tal limbs rivetedto the inward ends of said 'carlin'es on each side of the car, andupperdeck carlines passing across between opposite posts and riveted tothe verticallimbs of said angles.

4. In a car-frame, the combination, with the vup er and lower deckcarline's, of longitudina brace-angles to which said carlines areattached-at their oints of juncture,said brace an leshaving roadhorizontal limbs to provid I end frames.

5. In a car-frame, the combination, with the frame-posts havinglowtr-deck carlinesw tformed byinturned extensions from the up-i, perends thereof, of longitudinal brace angles riveted to the ends of saidcarline extensions at each side-bf the car,u.pper-deck earlines.

rivetedto said=braceangles between, opposite lower-deck carl ines, uper-deck side angles attached to the up er eck carlinesnand' top sideplatesrivete to the spring of the lower-deck car ines, said braceangles,s de angles and side plates extendin contlnuously from end to end of thecar an being joined together and braced. at'their ends by the car endframes.

carlines,

e transverse stiffness and being sup? ported and braced at the ends fromthe car j so Y osts "below the 6, In a car-frame, the combination, withtheendframes having platform ceiling-sheets, ofbracket platesrisintherefrom in line with 'the points of juncture etw'een the upper andlower deck carlines, continuous brace-an les having their ends su ortedby said rackets, and the upper,and l ower' deck 'carlinesf-jined tosaid; brace-angles at theii' points of jnnetu're. j I "7i In acar-frame', thecombination, with the endframeshav'inplatformceiling-sheets, of pairs-of raeket-jfiates rising therefroin inlinewith-theP fof jurietnrebetween the a g upper and lflwii deckQar'lines, longitudinal brace-angles havingitheir ends'sup orted by saidbrac et-' lates,jandupper-decii side angles-"havingt eir endsieurveddownto the ceiling sheets and secured between the bracket-plates. I r

8.- In a ear-frame, the, combination, with the-end frames, oflongitudinal brace-angles supported thereby in l me 'with the points ofjuncture; between'the upper and lower deck u H (er-deck side anglespositioned above said brace-angles, and deck-end side 0 plates rivetedin between said brace-angles andside angles at the ends of the car.- v9. 111 near-frame, the combinatiom'with the end frames having platformceiling-sheets f B3, of the bracket pairs 44 rising therefrom, '95longitudinal brace-angles 45 having their ends-riveted to "said bracketpairs, upper deck side angles '49 having their ends curved down to the.ceiling-sheet and riveted-inbetween the bracket pairs, and the deck-end10o side plates 46 riveted in between the braceangles and side angles atthe ends of the car, all substantially as herein shown and ,described: i

lOyThe deck-end side plates of pressed r05 steel, triangular in form,curved along their j Supper edges, pressed-outwardly and flanged alongsaid edges to receive the u per-deck side angles, outwardly flanged aong' their bottom ed 'es to overlap the lower-deck roof, 1 16 r andpressed inwardly and flanged along their vertical edges to receive theupper-deck sashes. 11. In a car-frame comprising posts having lower-deckcarlines, projecting from the upper'ends thereof and upper-deck-carlinespassing across between; opposite lower-deck carlines,- the combinationtherewith of continuous longitudinal brace-angles riveted tosa'idcarlines at their points of juncture, up- I per-deck side platesriveted to thefuppe'r-deck 3 carlines, upper-deck side. angles-rivetedto the upperends of said (platesand extending conftinuously from'en toend of the car, deck-v end side platesjoi'ning the Side angles to the.125 brace angles at the ends of the car, and supportingbrackets wherebythe side and braceanglesiare united'to thecarilend frames. l g 12. Theupper deok side plates ooinprisin vertical plates pressed outwardlyandfianged l Q 'members. u a

' at their upperends to receive the'u' per-deck' side angles, outwardlyflangedat t e bottom. to overlap theloweredeck roof, and pressedinwardly and fianged along their vertical sides to receive theupper-deck sashes. p

13. The combination, with the upper-deck carlines of U-s haped'CIOSSj-SQCtlOH, oi longi-- tudinal brace members extending betweencarlines and riveted to the flanges thereof, and spacers positionedbetween the uvertical webs. of the carlines inlin'e with said bra'ce 14.In a car ir ame, the combination with the posts and upper and lower deckcarlines,

of longitudinal brace-angles *riveted to the carlines at their peints ofjuncture, platform ceiling-sheets'pas'smg across between thecorner'posts at each end of the.car, to which the 'ing-sheets.

ends :of said brace-angles are secured, top. side platesriveted to the.posts, .top end plates passing around the ceiling-sheets'and joined tothe top side plates, and longitudinal bra'c e members joining theupper-deck can lines, said brace members at the ends of the car beingbent down and-rivetedtothe ceil- 15. In a car-frame, the combination,with a centei sill and angle-bar side sills, of frameposts having aU-shaped cross-section placed with their flanged sides inward and havingtheiricross-webs' at the base riveted inside.

the vertical limbs :ofthe side sills,- cross braces extending out fromthe center sill and riveted at their out-er ends to the under side ofthe horizontal "limbs of the side sills be- Y neath the posts, oiitsidecover plates riveted to thecross-webs-oi the posts and extending downand riveted in with the posts outside the side sills, and insidecover-plates riveted to the post-flangesand having their lower endsflanged and riveted to the cross-braces.

16. In acar-irame, the corner-posts comprising pairs of Z-bars placedwith their webs at right angles and their outside flanges turnedtoward'oneanother, curved coverv plates riveted to said outside flanges,and

spaced reinforcing-castings riveted in .be-

,tween the webs and cover-plate.

17. In-a car side frame, the combination, with a side sill and postsrising therefrom, of outside cover-plates riveted to the posts, atopside plate riveted to the posts at their upper ends outside thecover-plates,- up r and 4' ower sheathing-plates overla ping t e sidesill at-the'botto'm and over apped by the cover-plates and top sideplate at the ends and top, longitudinal s lice-plates uniting the upperand lower s eathing-plates .between cover-plates, and reinforcing T barsplaced inside said splice-joints where the up-. persheathing-plates arecut for window-open mgs.

18. In a car side frame, the combination,

with a side sill and posts risin therefrom, of a light continuous topside p ate riveted to upper ends 26! The acking-castiiigs5 the posts attheir upper-ends, lower-deck carlines formed by inturned extensions fromthe broad horizontal limb brace-angle having a of said carlines rivetedto thevi'n'ward ends of the posts, and a longitudinal andextendingcontinuously from-end to end .of the car. I

19. In a car side iranie,.the combination,

with a side sill and posts rising therefrom, of

a light top side plate riveted'to the posts-at their upper ends andreinforced along its topand bottom edges, lower-deckcarline'sjiprojec'ting inward from the upper ends of the posts, and alongitudinal brace-an a bi'oad horizontal limb riveted tot e inward endsof said carlines,' said'side-pIate and brace-angle extendingcontinuously from end'to end of the car andbeing united to the car endframes at each end thereof.

20. In a car side frame, the-combination,

with a' side sill and an outsidesheathingplate rising therefrom, o f'aside bearing-cast-' le having ing riveted to the under side of the sidesill and projecting inwardly-therefrpm; anda vertical brace memberriveted inside the sheathing-plate. and having its lower end bent aroundthe side sill andriveted to said casting.

21. A car side frame comprising a side sill,

posts rising therefrom, sheathing-plates be- Q5 tween posts riveted tothe side'sill, side bearjin s attached to the underside of the side silover the wheel-trucks between'posts, and

vertical braces ex'tendin from saidbearmgs upward inside the sheet ingplates and riveted thereto.

'- 22. The side bearing casting 92. having the I brace-webs95substantially as herein shown and described. I '23. The side 24. In acar-frame of the type described, the combination,'withthe cross-bearers,of

j ticking-castings riveted in therewith where the cross bear'ers receivethe side sills.

I bearingebrace 93, of U-shaped cross-section pressed nto, the formsubstantially as herein shown and described.

25. In 'a car-frame of the type described, I

the combination,-with' the cross-bearers comshown and described.

4 27. In a car-frame, an upper-deck roof "comprising cailinesof U-shapedcross-sec tion having their side webs flanged and placed with saidfianges'facing outward, and the roof-sheathi 'secured thereto by boltspassing through t e flanges and set up from the inside. 7 28. In acar-frame havi lines of U-shaped cross-section, the combinaupper-deckcartion therewith of ceiling-clampingstripssecured tothe carlines bybolts passing through the cross-webs thereof. 29. The combination with acarlme havn'ig an lnsl-de cross-web, of a series of boltsprojectinglthrough said'web and secured against turning therein, aceiling-clamping 'strip .throug 1 which said bolts pass, and cap-nuts onthe bolts to hold said strip in place.

30. In a car side frame, the combination, with a sheathing-plate havinga wrndow opening therein, of an outside metal'franie of Z-shapedcross-section.having its outer flanges overlapping and riveted to thesheathing-plate, and a corresponding inside fI'flJ'flO of Z-shapedcross-section having its inner flanges overla )pingt he inside carfinish, the

abutting flanges oft-he two frames being provided with registering holesto receive bolts whereby the sash is secured in place.

3]., A car-frame comprising side sills supported from a center sill bycros'sbearers, and having side doorways positioned over or directlyadjacent the cross-bearers, substantially as herein shown and described.

32. A car-frame comprising side sills supside sill at the bottom and tothe threshold portion of the door-sill plate at the top.

34. In a car-frame, the combination, with w an adgle-bar side sillhaving its vertical limb place outward, of a side-door framecomrismgposts IlSlIlg from the s de $111 back ofits vertical limb, a door-sillplate riveted to theioutsideof the side sill between posts and bentinward atthe top to form a'threshold, a. plate riveted. to and passingacross between '5 posts at the inside, said plate being pressed outwardbetween posts, flanged along its up per edge andrivetcd to the thresholdportion of'the sillpl ate, anda cover-plate riveted to the horizontallimb of the side sill and to a flange at the lower edge of-said'insideplate.

35. In m-side-door-franie for railway-cars, the'combination, withthe-side 'silland the posts risin therefrom, of a'door-sill comprisinthe sil -plate 73 riveted outside the s ide sil, the inside-plate 76passing across he'- tween posts and pressed to the forin substantiallyas herein shown and described, the

i v floor-su porting plateSO, and the bottom cover p ate 78.

ceases 36. In a side-door frame for railwa -cars, the combination,'witha side sill 'a'n posts rising therefrom,- of a sill-plate rivetedto the,side sill between posts and bent ,inwardto form a threshold, saidthreshold portion being flan ed upwardlyat each end, and side casing-pates, attached to the posts and pressed outward where they meet thethresis old to overlap said flanges; V

37. In a side-door frame-for I'flllWflY-QBIS',

the combination, with a side sill and posts rising therefrom, of adoor-sill g to the side sill betweenposts, an plates comprising outsidecover-plates for the late riveted side casing posts adapted to receivethe outside sheathing-plates, said casing-plates being cut at the bottomto fit the sill-plate and beingbent in' ward above the sill-plate andflanged along I their inward edges to overlap the inside fin ish. I

38. In a side-door frame for railway-cars,' the combination, withpressed-steel door postshaving inside cover plates riveted thereto, ofside casing-plates comprising outside oover plates riveted to the postsand bent inward to meet the inside cover-plates,

the inside cover-plates being flan ed along their edges-to recelve thecasing-p ates, and I said casing-plates being flanged along their inwardedges to overlap the inside finish.

39, Ina side-door frame for railway-cars, the combination, with theposts and a sillplate having a threshold portion provided with upturnedflanges at each end, of ca'singplates bent around and riveted tothe-posts, and protective plates rising part way up the casing-platesfrom. the sill-plate, said protective plates being pressed outward atthe.

bottom to overlapthe threshold-flanges.

40. Ina side-door frame for railway-cars, the combination, with theposts and a sill .plate, of side casing-plates comprising out.- sidecover-plates riveted to the posts and bent inward above thesill-plate,.atop side plate passing across the upper ends of "the postsoutside the upper ends of the casingplates, and a channel lintel-platefitted be tween the, casing-plates and riveted'to'the lower edge of thetop side plate.

41. In a car having a continuous center sill, an end frame com rising anend castin projecting from the en of the center sill, end

doorposts rising from the sides of said end casting,- horizontalend-sill plates projectinglaterally from the end casting, cornerostsrising from the outer ends ofthe sill-p ates,

and a ceiling-sheet passing across between cornerposts and.hav1ng thedoor-posts riv-uetedtheretoJm 42. In a car having a continuous centersill, an end frame-comprisim an end casting projecting from the end ofthe center sill, I-

ar door-posts fitted to the sides of-the end casting and having theirwebs riveted thereposts riveted thereto, and end sheathing platesextending fromthe door-post webs to the corner-posts and from theend-sill plates to the ceiling-sheet.

43. In a car having a continuous center sill and end castings projectingtherefrom,

plates and to the end casting from the the end-sill constructioncomprising upper and lower horizontal sill-plates rojecting laterallyfrom the sides of the en castings, to which they are riveted, andoutside coverplates riveted to the flanged edges of said 44. In a carhaving a contmuous center sill and end castings projecting therefrom,the end sillscomprising horizontal plates projecting laterally from thesides of the end castings, and diagonal brace-plates extending centersill to the outer ends of said plates.

45. In a car having a continuous center sill and end castings projectingtherefrom, the end frames comprising door-posts having web portionsriveted to the sides of the end castings, horizontal plates projectinglaterally from the end castings and riveted in with the door-posts,corner-posts rising from the outer ends of said plates, endsheathingplates riveted between the door-post Webs and the corner-postsadjacent the inside edges of said horizontal plates, whereby theprojectin portions of said plates will serve as stubatforms, andceiling-sheets passing across between the corner-posts and project- 'ingout over the door-posts, the upper ends of which are riveted thereto.

46. In a car having a contmuous center sill and end castings projectingtherefrom, the end frames comprising doorosts havin Web portionsrive'tedto the si es of the en castings, horizontal platform-plates rojectinglaterally from the end castings an riveted in with the doorosts,corner-posts rising from the outer en s of said plates, and diagonalbraces extending from the door-posts at their lower ends to thecorner-posts at their up er ends.

47. T e end castings havinglateral wings adapted at their extremities tohave door-- posts attached thereto substantially as herein shown anddescribed.

48. The combination, with the webbed door-posts, of the casing-plates 26having their outside portions riveted to the postwebs and their insideportions riveted to the post-flanges.

49. The casing-plates-26 having the inside and outside portionsconnected by a curved and rabbeted cross-web, the inside portion beingoutwardly channeled at 26 for t1" purpose set forth.

50. The combination, with a car-frame center sill, depressed side sillsand posts for the sides rising from the side sills, offloor-platesresting on longitudinal joists comprising Z-bars riveted tothe top of comprising a the center sill at each side and channelsriveted to the posts, longitudinal hangers depending from thefloor-plates between the center sill and side sills, angle-bars securedto' the lower edges thereof, and subfloors resting upon said angles,upon the center sill and upon the bottom flanges of the side channels,the webs of the Z-bars and channels having tongues pressed out therefromand bent down to engage the upper sides of the floors.

51. The combination, in a car-frame, of transversefloor members restingupon longitudinal frame members, longitudinal h angers depending fromsaid transverse'members between the longitudinal members, longitudinalsubfloor-supports in line with the longitudinal frame members providedwith sockets to receive the ends of subfloor members, and the subfloormembers adapted to have one end thereof inserted in said sockets and theother end removably attached to the longitudinal hangers.

In testimony whereof I have afiixed my signature in presence of twowitnesses.

- WILLIAM F. KIESEIS, JR. Witnesses:

F. N. PARIS, J. O. STORM.

